Understanding backup water systems

Water outages in South Africa’s water crisis

Water outages are becoming a regular challenge for many South Africans. The country naturally receives only about half the global average rainfall, and this rain is unevenly distributed, being dry in the west and wetter in the east. Climate change is making things worse by causing more frequent droughts and floods.

On top of this, delays in maintaining and upgrading water infrastructure, along with rapid urban growth, have increased the demand for water. Experts predict South Africa could face a 17% water shortfall by 2030.

But it’s not all bad news. New technologies are helping detect leaks early and reduce water waste. Localised water systems that store, treat, and supply water within communities are becoming more common. Even businesses are beginning to integrate sustainable water use into their core operations and budgets, treating it as a fundamental part of doing business rather than just a corporate social responsibility initiative.  

Do I need a backup water system?

With the growth of South Africa’s water crisis, having a reliable water backup system at home is essential. These systems help to ensure you have water when municipal supply is interrupted – whether due to a planned outage for maintenance or burst pipe in the area. However, before installing a backup, there are a few important things to consider, such as safety, the type of water you’ll use and the regulations that may apply.

What to know before installing a water backup system

• Compliance and safety

Water backup systems must meet South African safety and quality standards (like SANS 10252). Proper installation is key to avoid contamination between municipal water and backup supplies. Using the right pipes, valves and pumps ensures your system works safely and efficiently.

• Sizing your system

Your backup water system should match your household’s daily water needs. Choosing the right pump is important to maintain steady water pressure and flow.

• Legal requirements

Most small residential tanks (1 000 to 4 250 litres) don’t need municipal registration. But larger tanks and boreholes do require official approval and registration with the Department of Water and Sanitation. It’s best to check local regulations before installing your backup water system.

• Avoid common mistakes

Don’t rush into installing a water backup system without doing your homework. Using unqualified installers or cheap, non-compliant parts can lead to problems and legal headaches. Always hire reputable professionals to make sure your system is safe, effective and meets legal requirements.  

The costs and benefits of backup water systems

Despite the upfront cost, the benefits of a backup water system are significant. A reliable backup water solution means life can continue as normal during an outage. It can also save you money, especially when combined with other sustainable measures such as solar water heating. Water heating alone can account for 30% to 60% of your household’s energy bill, so integrating these systems can lead to even greater efficiencies.  

How much does a borehole cost in South Africa?

Installing a borehole involves several steps: scanning, drilling, yield testing and water testing, with initial costs for residential use starting around R60 000. A complete borehole system, including tanks and filtration, can range from R150 000 to R300 000, depending on water quality and system complexity.  

Water filtration, purification and maintenance

Choosing between water filtration and water purification systems depends on your water source and intended use. For municipal or rainwater harvesting, standard filtration can remove common contaminants, especially after pipe bursts or repairs. Borehole water typically requires a water analysis to determine the appropriate filtration and purification processes.

Maintenance is key to ensuring water quality and system durability. Filters typically need replacing every 3 to 6 months, but intervals can vary according to the manufacturer. Pumps and valves should also be checked and serviced regularly to prevent leaks and ensure proper operation. Backwashing, a process where water is pushed backward through the filter to remove trapped particles, is important to keep your filter working properly.

Technology and water innovations

Modern water backup systems offer smart features that help monitor and manage your water supply. Tank level sensors can alert you via SMS or email if water levels are too high or low, helping to prevent overflows or shortages. 

Leak detection devices can automatically shut off the water supply in the event of a burst pipe, protecting your home from damage. Many of these systems work through mobile apps, allowing you to monitor and control your water backup system remotely, no matter where you are.

Sustainable finance options

Water outages are a growing reality in South Africa, but with the right water backup system, you can protect your home and family.

Investec provides flexible financing for sustainable solutions, including solar and water backups. Private Bank account holders can apply for standalone financing, or access funds through an existing Investec Private Home Loan or credit facility.